Climate change refers to long-term shifts and alterations in weather patterns and average temperatures on Earth, primarily caused by human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels. The increased concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), in the atmosphere traps heat and leads to global warming.
The main driver of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, and industrial processes. This releases large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect. Other human activities, such as deforestation, agriculture, and land-use changes, also release significant amounts of greenhouse gases.